Back to main page

             polska wersja jezykowa

 
 

   Some words about author
   Chronology table - Prehistory
   Timelines
   Sources and bibliography
   Tables of genealogy
   Tombs in Ancient Egypt
   List of all pyramids
   Map of Egypt
   Who is Who in Ancient Egypt
   Contents of website  
  search on website:
 



Pyramid of Khafre at Gizeh

  wr-n-xai=f-ra Khafre's Pyramid is the Largest

 

Khafre built his pyramid on the Gizeh Plateau, southwest of his father's pyramid. The pyramid has a side length of 215 m, although it was originally planned that the sides are 30 m longer. The original height is 143.5 m and the angle of inclination of the walls 53° 10'. However, the system of rooms, compared to the Khufu Pyramid, is much simplified. The upper corridor begins with an entrance (called the second or higher), paved with blocks of pink granite, at a height of 11.5 m on the north side and leads down to the rock core. A barrier made of pink granite was placed in the place where the horizontal corridor starts. Then horizontally, on a length of 56 m, to a burial chamber measuring 5 x 14.2 m and high 6.8 m and situated in the vertical axis of the pyramid. In the burial chamber, completely (except for the gable of the vault) carved in the rock, lined with stone, there is a sarcophagus with age made of granite. The lower corridor runs from the north side from ground level (entrance called first or lower) down through 34.2 m, then horizontally further 15.8 m, then upwards 22.4 m, where it connects to the upper corridor. A 6.7-meter-long walkway leading to the rock bottom chamber (3.1 x 10.4 m, height: 2.6 m) goes out from the horizontal corridor, with a gable vault, in which probably a part of the funerary equipment was stored. Two pavement systems reflect two different phases of pyramid construction. To the west of the wall surrounding the pyramid, there are warehouses and barracks of workers. The pyramid was covered in the lower parts with Aswan granite, the rest is limestone from Tur. On its southern side there is a cult pyramid, in the east a burial temple (the temple and the vestibule, courtyard for the cult with a detour, the temple proper in which the victims died with five chapels for statues), next to it five shafts on shoulders. From the lower temple of Khafre (the best preserved temple of Egypt from the time of the Old State) runs a 500 m long ramp, once roofed and decorated with bas-reliefs. Through the two gates, where the sphinxes stood in ancient times, through the porticos and connecting sidewalk, there is a column hall with 16 granite pillars, where in the past there were 23 statues of the king. This is where the famous statue of Chafre with a falcon comes from (now in the Cairo Museum)
The entrance to the pyramid was vainly sought in 1817 by Giovanni Caviglia. A year later, a strongman from Padua Giovanni Belzoni found them. He discovered the so-called the upper entrance, also penetrated the underground part of the pyramid. Older of the two entrances is located on the surface about 30 m north of the pyramid.

 

 

Copyright © 2000-2023 Dariusz Sitek, Czestochowa - Chicago - Ann Arbor